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Sunday, February 6, 2011

Protesters around the world rally against Egypt's Mubarak

Protesters around the world rally against Egypt's
Mubarak
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(CNN) -- Egyptians and activists around the world took to the streets Saturday demanding the immediate resignation of Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak.
Demonstrations were held in Atlanta, Los Angeles, Paris, New York, London, Tokyo and in the West Bank city of Ramallah. In Washington, protesters marched from the Egyptian Embassy to the White House, carrying posters and chanting. They observed a moment of silence for the people who have lost their lives since the protests in Egypt began late last month.
"Mubarak staying in Egypt is not going to be beneficial for the security of Egypt. It's just going to fuel most protests in the streets," said Ahmed Fathi, head of the Alliance of Egyptian-Americans, who attended the New York protest.
He said Mubarak is simply taking "cosmetic actions" and refusing real change.
On day 12 of the unfolding unrest, apparent fissures in Egypt's regime surfaced as key members of the embattled ruling party, including Mubarak's once heir-apparent son, gave up their party leadership posts and the vice president began talks with opposition leaders.
It was a strong gesture. But for many of the protesters in Egypt, and for those who support them elsewhere, it was not enough.
In Tokyo, more than 200 demonstrators marched through the streets for about two hours, chanting and waving flags. One protester held a sign that read: "Freedom is a demand for all nations."

In Atlanta, activists rallied at a downtown street corner. They asked motorists to honk in their support and many cars blared as they sped past.
In New York, demonstrators met outside the U.N. building in the freezing rain for the second weekend in a row. They chanted, "Hey, hey, Ho, ho -- Mubarak must go!" and carried signs that read, "Free Egypt, Jail Mubarak."
Protesters in the West Bank city of Ramallah were forcibly disbanded when a few dozen men in plain clothes disrupted their demonstration. The afternoon rally against Mubarak stretched about three small city blocks.
In London, activists rallied outside the Egyptian Embassy, while in Paris, CNN iReporters said that protesters marched in the streets. One demonstrator carried a sign that read,"Tunisia, Egypt. Long live the revolution!"
Meanwhile, protesters in Los Angeles rallied outside the Federal Building on the west side of the city. Some held a large banner that read, "End U.S. Aid to the Mubarak Regime!" -- an idea echoed by many in attendance.
"I want democracy in Egypt. And I want my president to stop sending my tax dollars supporting a dictator over there," said
demonstrator Dan Henrickson.

By the CNN Wire Staff
February 6, 2011 --
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Reagan's myth has grown over time

Reagan's myth has grown over time

Washington (CNN) -- As the late President Ronald Reagan's 100th birthday is observed, historians point out that his political successes, not his persona, have been mythologized over the years.
"Today's Republicans created this fantasy role of Reagan as anti-government," said presidential historian Douglas Brinkley. "He was really Reagan of government efficiency."
Brinkley, who edited the best-selling book "The Reagan Diaries," which is based on the 40th president's diary accounts, said Reagan mainly wanted to roll back the "excesses of the 'Great Society' domestically, not abolish them."
"He was never talking about doing away with Medicaid, Medicare, or abolishing HUD," he said. "It had more to do with trimming the federal budget."
Upon taking office, Reagan faced a severe recession and double-digit inflation. Gas station lines stretched for miles. Americans simply lost hope in their economic future, historians say.
The former governor of California used his experiences in politics and his career in Hollywood -- first as an actor and later as president of the Screen Actors Guild -- to help change the American way of life.
But for all the praise by current conservatives for the economic turnaround during his presidency, historians also note that many conservatives of his day weren't exactly big fans of all of his policies, including his negotiations with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev over nuclear arms. At the time, many within his own party felt reaching out to the Soviets was a sign of willingness to negotiate with an evil dictator.

"What made Reagan different from many of his fellow conservatives -- and different, too, from liberals who looked upon the Cold War as an eternal condition -- was that he really wanted to negotiate and thought he had learned the art of doing so by bargaining with movie producers when he was president of the Screen Actors Guild," Lou Cannon, author of several books on Reagan, wrote in a commentary for AOL News.
Journalist Will Bunch, author of the book "Tear Down This Myth," pointed out in an interview with National Public Radio on Thursday that many forget that Reagan was divisive and had "virtually zero support from African-Americans."
"The Reagan myth is pretty simple," said Bunch, a senior writer for the Philadelphia Daily News. "Basically, people want Ronald Reagan remembered as the man who won the Cold War and as the man who turned the economy around ... this idea that Reagan brought down the Berlin Wall and that he cut taxes and saved the American economy."
He noted that conservatives also fail to mention that Reagan raised taxes throughout his presidency and was willing to work across the aisle with Democrats on major policies such as Social Security.
"When he had to govern, he was actually kind of a great compromiser. He was willing to make compromises to get things done. You almost never hear about the fact he reached a deal with Democrats on Social Security," Bunch said. "He signed off on some sort of tax increase every year of his presidency after 1982, including one that was at the time the largest tax increase in American history to undo the fact that the '81 tax cut went too far."
Brinkley said conservatives forget that he was actually influenced by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, a Democrat responsible for the "New Deal" big-government program; and by President Dwight Eisenhower, a moderate Republican who "showed huge senses of pragmatism and doing big American things well, like the interstate highway."
Ed Rollins, a Republican strategist and CNN.com contributor, recently wrote that it wasn't only his ability to compromise to get a deal with Congress, but "but he never gave up on the things he truly believed in," including his economic philosophies. Rollins, it should be noted, served in Reagan's administration and managed both of his presidential campaigns.
The praise for his economic policies, though, is somewhat inflated, Cannon argued.
"His greatest domestic accomplishment -- breaking the back of inflation that terrified the nation in the late 1970s -- was a product not of 'supply side' economics ballyhooed by conservatives, but of the drastic tightening of interest rates by Federal Reserve Chairman Paul Volcker," Cannon wrote. Volcker later became the chairman of President Obama's Economic Recovery Advisory Board.
For all the criticism of the myths surrounding Reagan, his supporters point out his enormous success in restoring Americans' faith in their country through his personality, charm and effective speaking.
"His greatest single quality was his self-deprecating humor, which came naturally to him and was honed into an effective political weapon," said Cannon, who covered the Reagan White House for The Washington Post. "He made fun of his age, his work habits, his vanities, his ideology, his alleged lack of intelligence and his supposed domination by his wife [Nancy]."
Brinkley added: "Reagan had a healthy smelling-salts effect on the economy. Somehow, by talking about the power of the corporation again and why business was good for America, he was able to instill confidence in the market and also kind of do some things that were beneficial for America's trade policy. So it's not just a claim of this percentage or that percent but some of Reagan's leadership and tone and tenor."
That tone also reached the ears of Democrats frustrated by Jimmy Carter's presidency. A new band of "Reagan Democrats" sprang up -- something championed today by conservatives and Democrats looking to invoke Reagan as a guidepost for a successful presidency.
One of those Democrats appears to be Obama, who has praised Reagan and defended him against liberal critics. During Obama's December vacation in Hawaii, White House spokesman Robert Gibbs tweeted that the president was reading one of Cannon's Reagan biographies.
"No matter what political disagreements you may have had with President Reagan -- and I certainly had my share -- there is no denying his leadership in the world, or his gift for communicating his vision for America," Obama wrote in an op-ed for USA Today.
Observers argue that Obama is looking to Reagan to find out how to turn around a bad economy, reach out to the other side of the aisle and restore faith in the American spirit.
And Obama, like Reagan, has come under fire from Republicans for negotiating with the Russians on a new nuclear arms treaty reducing missiles in both countries.
"It was a precursor to other agreements, the most recent signed by Barack Obama, which made deeper reductions in nuclear arsenals," Rollins said. "Today, U.S. and Russian specialists inspect nuclear weapons on each other's soil, an action that would have been seen
as unbelievably utopian when Reagan became president."

By Ed Hornick, CNN
February 6, 2011 --
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Mass planned at epicenter of protests as some banks open in Egypt

Mass planned at epicenter of protests as some banks open in Egypt

Cairo, Egypt (CNN) -- Anti-government protesters took to the streets for the 13th day Sunday as the government showed signs of cracking and ripples of normality slowly swept across Egypt.
Christians planned a Mass in Cairo's Tahrir Square on Sunday afternoon, anti-government protesters in the square said.
Muslim protesters said they would form a ring around the Christians to protect them during the service. The Mass planned for 2 p.m. (7 a.m. ET) will pay tribute to those killed during clashes.
Meanwhile, the Muslim Brotherhood said it will meet with Vice President Omar Suleiman on Sunday. Days earlier, the group had said it would not negotiate until President Hosni Mubarak leaves office.
"We did not change our stance. We decided to take the people's demands to the negotiation table," said Essam el-Erian, a spokesman for the Muslim Brotherhood.

The Muslim Brotherhood is an opposition Islamist umbrella group that is officially banned but tolerated in Egypt.
It's the latest development in national political talks after key members of the embattled ruling National Democratic Party resigned Saturday, state television reported. The resignation was the strongest gesture yet to placate angry Egyptians who have been protesting for almost two weeks,
Meanwhile, some banks opened for the first time since January 27 -- two days after protests began. About 50 people lined up outside a bank in Cairo, while other banks were less crowded or remained closed.
The nation's central bank imposed restrictions on withdrawals by individuals, but not by companies, said Ahmed Ismail, manager of the Abu Dhabi National Bank.
Anti-government protesters have said they will continue demonstrating until Mubarak steps down. But the embattled Mubarak, however, remained in his position as head of the party's higher council and as head of state despite popular demands that he relinquish power immediately.
Mubarak's son, Gamal, was among those who resigned from party posts, meaning that he is no longer eligible to take over after his father.
Mubarak has already announced he will not seek re-election in a September vote. Gamal Mubarak's resignation effectively puts to rest a widespread belief that the embattled president was preparing for a dynastic handover.
The United States has been mounting pressure on Mubarak to step aside. On Saturday, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, speaking at a security conference in Germany, said it is "important to follow the transition process announced by the Egyptian government, actually headed by Vice President Omar Suleiman."
U.S. President Barack Obama, in phone calls with foreign leaders Saturday, emphasized the importance of an "orderly, peaceful transition" to a government that is "responsive to the aspirations of the Egyptian people."
The diplomatic official who delivered a message from the Obama administration to Egypt's leadership this week, however, said Mubarak "remains utterly critical in the days ahead as we sort our way toward the future" and must stay in office.
Changes are needed in Egypt to pave the way for a smooth transition, and "the president must stay in office in order to steer those changes through," said Frank Wisner, a former ambassador to Egypt. "It's his opportunity to write his own legacy."
U.S. officials emphasized that Wisner was speaking for himself, as an expert on the region, and not for the Obama administration.
Some demonstrators said the resignations were a "sedative" move by Mubarak to appease the people.
"This is just one silly attempt to calm down the street, but the regime is still there," said Sameh Bakri in the city of Suez. "They don't want to get straight to the point and resolve the real problem."
The shakeup was announced almost two weeks into Egypt's tumult as thousands of demonstrators held their ground. Last week, deadly clashes broke out in Cairo between pro-Mubarak and anti-Mubarak demonstrators as Molotov cocktails and chunks of concrete flew through the air.
The justice minister announced that courts would reopen Sunday and the government eased its daily curfew, making the hours 7 p.m. to 6 a.m.
"We're in better shape," Prime Minister Ahmed Shafiq said on state television. "And we can sense that day by day."

Interior Ministry spokesman Ismail Othman said the army would remain neutral, working only to prevent clashes and chaos between opposing groups.
Some opposition leaders said they had teamed up and called for Mubarak's immediate resignation and the right for peaceful demonstration.
Mohamed ElBaradei's National Association for Change and the Tagammu party's leader announced Saturday a newly formed opposition group of 10 people, including ElBaradei, Muslim Brotherhood leader Mohamed Beltagy, and liberal Ghad party leader Ayman Nour.
"We have been in agreement right now that we'd probably have a presidential council of three members including somebody from the army," ElBaradei told CNN. "We have a caretaker government ... who would then run the country for a year, prepare the grounds for the necessary changes in the electoral process to ensure that we will have all what we need for a free and fair election."

By the CNN Wire Staff
February 6, 2011 --
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Saturday, February 5, 2011

Behind the scenes: In the hands of an angry, unpredictable crowd

Behind the scenes: In the hands of an angry, unpredictable crowd


Alexandria, Egypt (CNN) -- The longest walk is when you don't know where it will end.
The longest minute is when you are worried about what's coming.
In Alexandria, both are in easy reach.
Two hundred yards, that's all that separated us from thousands of chanting demonstrators. They'd been marching all afternoon listening to calls of solidarity. Now it was night, rain was falling and stragglers were leaving toward us.
As we walked toward them, the dark, gaping, cavernous sidestreets were oozing menacing, stick-wielding men. Makeshift power lines sagged between the aging apartment blocks.
Our plan was get to the crowd, tell the story and get out, our tiny camera hidden from view.

First they were calling us, then grabbing, demanding passports. The men with the sticks were swarming us. Arguing amongst themselves. The men escorting us were telling us to be calm not to worry. Anger was rising.
Our passports were taken, inspected and handed back. That's when the confusion began. Who were we, why were there. Foreigners. Within the past few days, state media has raised paranoia to fever pitch.
Always wary of outsiders' intentions, the government is succeeding in dividing protesters. Not just for and against the government but over the very nature and portrayal of the uprising. They are trying every means to break unity.
We'd come with a group organizing the anti-Mubarak protest we wanted to cover. We were driven on the dark streets past checkpoints manned partly by soccer-playing boys, partly by soldiers and partly by what looked like the same stick-wielding, marauding men crowding around us now.
More of them were closing in now. The tiny gaggle around us was swelling and seething. Everyone passing by was drawn to the drama that was becoming our inquisition. Everyone wanted a say, everyone looking to get involved, take sides, take charge, make a decision.
We should have an official government paper, an angry man in the black leather jacket was shouting. It was becoming chaotic. Everyone had an opinion. Division and disorder were rampant, people pushing and shoving, our guides apologizing. No one person in charge.
The police are gone, the army guard their bases and government property. The streets at night belong to the strong, a sort of semi-self-regulating anarchy rules. Society is fragmenting.
As suddenly as he stopped us, the man in the leather jacket let us go. Hands placed on our backs, we were pushed onward toward the demonstrators. He had given in to the crowd, been pushed down, persuaded we had a right to cover the protest.
For a few moments, we were free. We kept walking. Then we heard his voice again, shouting behind us. This time he had others with him, leather-covered sticks embedded with brass nailheads in their hands. Now he was determined. Now the angry in the crowd outnumbered the apologetic.
Now the minute began and so did the walk. He told us we were being taken away to "another place."
The shouting was reaching fever pitch, people grappling with one another, we were being spun around. My cameraman, Todd Baxter, and I were being separated from our Lebanese producer, Saad Abedine, and Alexandria fixer Mohammed. The hands were pushing us the other way now.
We were spies, the man in the leather jacket was shouting. Impossible to know where we were being taken. He kept marching us down the street, his henchmen at his heel.
We tried to slow and move to our car at the roadside. To my dismay and concern, our driver was gone. That was my hope blown, any chance of a run for it gone. And still no idea where we were being taken.
Our unintended escort was telling us we were to blame for portraying Egypt in a bad light. We were bringing the image of the country down. It's a fuzzy logic that defies the obvious. What's happening is willed by Egyptians on their own countrymen. He wasn't listening.
No punches were being laid, but the menace was clear.
The walk ended at the army base. The crowd circling, still pushing, shoving, shouting. The soldiers cut through the chaos and took us in. It was as night turning to day.
They were polite, organized, calm and courteous. They took a cursory glance at our passports and camera, let us wait behind their heavy gate until the crowd moved on.
It's chaos out there, and they know it.

By Nic Robertson, CNN Senior International Correspondent
February 5, 2011 --
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Egypt's government meets opposition as protests continue

Egypt's government meets opposition as protests continue

Cairo, Egypt (CNN) -- Opposition leaders and intellectuals met with Egypt's vice president Saturday to discuss avenues for easing embattled President Hosni Mubarak from power, the number one demand of of tens of thousands of demonstrators.
Among the proposals under discussion is Article 139 of the constitution, which allows for the vice president to assume control if the president is no longer able.
At least one opposition group, the leftist Tagammu party, is asking the government to activate the article's powers so that Suleiman can take charge immediately and allow Mubarak to make a graceful exit.
A member of the self-declared Committee of the Wise, told CNN that Suleiman was willing to listen.
The group of independent elites -- intellectuals, artists, diplomats and businessmen -- wants to be at the table during crucial government transition talks.
They called on protests to continue at Tahrir Square every Tuesday and Friday until Mubarak "resigns and makes true the demands of
the people."

Mubarak, said the committee, can remain as a symbolic leader but should delegate to Suleiman responsibility for the transition period.
Saturday's talks were taking place as crowds massed again in downtown Cairo's Tahrir Square for a 12th day of protests demanding an end to Mubarak's 30-year authoritarian rule over the Arab world's most populous nation.
After chaos and bloodshed earlier in the week, Cairo remained calm Saturday.
Cars traveled over a nearby overpass in the central city. Outside the Egyptian Museum, people prayed as soldiers stood guard. Protesters who had spent the night swept sidewalks with palm branches and bought food from carts stationed in the square.
The justice minister announced that courts would reopen Sunday and the government eased its daily curfew now imposed from 7 p.m. to 6 a.m.
"We're in better shape," Prime Minister Ahmed Shafiq said on state television. "And we can sense that day by day."
Heavy military presence persisted on the streets of central Cairo. Interior Ministry spokesman Ismail Othman said "the army remains neutral and is not taking sides because if we protect one side we will be perceived as biased.... our role is to prevent clashes and chaos as we separate the opposing groups."
But in a scene exposing how volatile the situation remains, demonstrators formed a human chain to prevent tanks from passing through the barricades into the anti-Mubarak enclave in Tahrir Square.
Activists block tanks from entering Tahrir Square
A witness said scuffles broke out when an army general asked demonstrators to take down their make-shift barricades of corrugated steel and debris, put up during the 48 hours of fighting near the landmark Egyptian Museum.
And hours earlier, gunshots rang out as protesters said scores of Mubarak defenders tried to assault the square early Saturday morning. Troops fired into the air to disperse them, according to the protesters.

Meanwhile, Mohamed ElBaradei's National Association for Change and the Tagammu party's leader announced a newly formed opposition group of 10 people, including ElBaradei, Muslim Brotherhood leader Mohamed Beltagy and liberal Ghad party leader Ayman Nour.
They called for Mubarak's immediate resignation and the right for peaceful demonstration.
"We have been in agreement right now that we'd probably have a presidential council of three members including somebody from the army," ElBaradei told CNN. "We have a caretaker government ... who would then run the country for a year, prepare the grounds for the necessary changes in the electoral process to ensure that we will have all what we need for a free and fair election," he said.
Tagammu and the liberal Wafd party met with Suleiman Saturday, buoyed by the government's promises to investigate the bloodshed at Tahrir Square.
At least 11 people were killed and more than 900 injured, according to the Health Ministry. Many believe the violence was instigated by government provocateurs.
But some opposition groups are refusing to come to the table until Mubarak steps down.
"The so-called dialogue is the first step to exhaust this revolution. The president must go," said Mohammed Habib, deputy chairman of the Muslim Brotherhood, an opposition Islamist umbrella group that if officially banned but tolerated in Egypt.
The group reported that a security force accompanied by a "gang of thugs" stormed the office of its news website Friday and arrested the journalists, technicians and administrators. The Al-Jazeera news network reported a similar attack on its Cairo office.
Those attacks came after two days of violence and a government crackdown on journalists and human rights activists bearing witness to the crisis.
Some had predicted the demonstrations might lose their momentum. But Friday, dubbed the "Day of Departure" saw massive crowds gather in Cairo and other Egyptian cities to demand change.

By the CNN Wire Staff
February 5, 2011 -- Updated 1708 GMT (0108 HKT)
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Internet is easy prey for governments

 
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(CNN) -- For all that the revolution in Egypt tells us about the power of networked media to promote bottom-up change, it even more starkly reveals the limits of our internet tools and the ease with which those holding power can take them away.
Yes, services such as Twitter and Facebook give activists the means to organize as never before. But the more dependent on them we become, the more subservient we are to the corporations and governments that control them.
Some of us might like to believe that the genie is out of the bottle and that we all have access to an unstoppable decentralized network. In reality, the internet is entirely controlled by central authorities.
Old media, such as terrestrial radio and television, were as distributed as the thousands of stations and antennae from which broadcast signals emanated, but all internet traffic must pass through government and corporate-owned choke points.
That's why President Hosni Mubarak's regime had so little trouble shutting down his citizens' networks when he wanted to. One phone call to each of the four internet service providers in his country was all it took. And while we might like to believe that couldn't happen in the United States, we should remember that all it took was a call from Sen. Joseph Lieberman, I-Connecticut, to Amazon for the corporation to shut down WikiLeaks' website recently.
Meanwhile, UK's Vodaphone complied with Mubarak's orders first to turn off cell phone use in Egypt, and later to flood cell phone users with incendiary pro-government messages.
More virtual ink was spilled in the United States about Vodaphone-partner Verizon's version of the iPhone than on Vodaphone's utter complicity in the violence fomented by the commands it promoted through its networks. Although Vodaphone continues to apologize publicly for its ongoing policy of serving the goon squads of a dictatorial regime, it has also continued to follow that regime's orders.
If bottom-up networks are this dependent on the good graces of top-down authorities for their very functioning, then how bottom-up are they? While in the United States we may have policies protecting free speech and open communication, it is these laws -- and not some feature of our internet -- that prevent the kinds of censorship we are witnessing in Egypt.
And, as we saw when push came to shove over WikiLeaks in the United States, how quickly this very same authority can be used to cut off "enemies of the state" from access and funding.
Good, you might say. We don't want people to be able to connect and communicate about anything at all, do we? Isn't it good to have a circuit breaker somewhere? A trusted authority in charge who can prevent people from saying the wrong things to each other? Perhaps.
But if we believe our society is capable of engaging in the democratic process, we must trust its people to share their thoughts and ideas -- their words -- directly with one another, no matter how threatening to those currently in power.
The vulnerability of today's communications infrastructure to the whims of the governments and corporations who administrate it makes it an unsuitable platform for this process to occur.
We might better use the lessons of the internet to build a communications infrastructure that cannot be controlled from the top. For while the internet may have been built with an underlying architecture of central servers, corporate-owned pipelines and government-managed indexes, there are many less centralized alternatives, some of which have been used successfully in the past.
Back before the internet, many of us early computer hobbyists networked on something called Fidonet. It was a simple peer-to-peer network where users' computers would just call each other at night through their old-fashioned modems, exchange information and then move on. It was slow -- e-mail could take a day or two to reach someone under this scheme -- but it suggested a way of doing things independent of a centralized authority.
Today, faced with the limits of the internet, digital activists are reviving such ideas. One of them, "mesh networking," would let people connect simply by opening their Wi-Fi networks to incoming traffic. The inhabitants of an entire city could be connected to one another, without anyone even having an internet service provider. Then that city can connect to another, and so on.
Until we choose to develop such alternative networks, our insistence on seeing the likes of Facebook and Twitter as the path toward freedom for all people will only serve to increase our dependence on corporations and government for the right to assemble and communicate.
The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of Douglas Rushkoff.

By Douglas Rushkoff, Special to CNN
February 5, 2011 --
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New imam quits embattled Islamic community center

New imam quits embattled Islamic community center

New imam quits embattled Islamic community center
The site of the prosed islamic center near Ground Zero in a file photo.


By Allan Chernoff, CNN

A Park51 imam announced his resignation Friday, just three weeks after being appointed to his post at the embattled Islamic community center in New York, according to a written statement Friday.
"I wish the project leaders well," said Imam Adhami, saying he needed more time to complete a book meant to assist English readers in understanding the Quran.
His resignation comes on the heels of a controversial post on his website, sakeenah.org, in which he claimed that "an enormously overwhelming percentage of people struggle with homosexual feeling because of some form of violent emotional or sexual abuse at some point in their life."
Park51 officials later attempted to distance the community center from Adhami's comments, tweeting that "Adhami's personal statements do not reflect the position of p51."
The community center - located two blocks from the ground zero location in Manhattan - describes itself as an inclusive community center open to anyone, with the goal of integrating Muslim-Americans into U.S. society.
"We have been humbled by Imam Adhami's contributions to this project over the past few months," said Park51 President Sharif El-Gamal. "We look forward to him, God willing, leading prayers informally for Park51 in the near future."
His departure is the latest in a string of setbacks after former Imam, Feisal Abdul Rauf, was given a reduced role in the center.
Rauf remains on the board of the community center.



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